Ich kann es mir einfach nicht merken, was kommt in die .profile und was in die .bashrc. Deswegen hier meine Dokumentation. Fehler, Verbesserungen oder Anmerkungen können mir gern per Email geschickt werden.

Vorraussetzungen

  • Halbwegs sicherer Umgang mit einer Linux Konsole / Terminal.

Bash

Für eine Login-Shell werden versucht aufzurufen:

  1. /etc/profile
  2. ~/.bash_profile
  3. ~/.bash_login
  4. ~/.profile
    • PATH und andere Variablen

Für eine Non-Login-Shell werden versucht aufzurufen:

  1. /etc/bash.bashrc
  2. ~/.bashrc
    • Immer, wenn die bash gestarted wird.
    • Aliase, Lieblingseditor, bash prompt, …
cat > /root/.profile <<'__EOF__'
# ~/.profile: executed by Bourne-compatible login shells.
if [ "$BASH" ]; then
  if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
    . ~/.bashrc
  fi
fi

mesg n || true
__EOF__

cat > /root/.bashrc <<'__EOF__'
#
# ~/.bashrc
#

# If not running interactively, don't do anything more
[[ $- != *i* ]] && return

PS1='\[\033[00;31m\]\u\[\033[00m\]@\[\033[00;32m\]\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w \[\033[00m\]#\[\033[00m\] '

# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
    test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dircolors -b)"
    alias ls='ls --color=auto'
    alias dir='dir --color=auto'
    alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'

    alias grep='grep --color=auto'
    alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
    alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
fi

# some more ls aliases
alias ll='ls -lisa'
alias la='ls -A'
alias l='ls -CF'

# overwrite question
alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'

# Alias definitions
if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
    . ~/.bash_aliases
fi

# enable programmable completion features
if ! shopt -oq posix; then
  if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
    . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
  elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then
    . /etc/bash_completion
  fi
fi
__EOF__

cat > /root/.bash_logout <<'__EOF__'
# ~/.bash_logout: executed by bash(1) when login shell exits.

# when leaving the console clear the screen to increase privacy

if [ "$SHLVL" = 1 ]; then
    [ -x /usr/bin/clear_console ] && /usr/bin/clear_console -q
fi
__EOF__

THISUSER="frank"

cat > /home/${THISUSER}/.profile <<'__EOF__'
# ~/.profile: executed by Bourne-compatible login shells.
if [ "$BASH" ]; then
  if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
    . ~/.bashrc
  fi
fi

# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists
if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/bin:\$PATH"
fi

# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists
if [ -d "$HOME/.local/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
fi

export PATH
__EOF__
chown ${THISUSER}:${THISUSER} /home/${THISUSER}/.profile

cat > /home/${THISUSER}/.bashrc <<'__EOF__'
#
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
#

# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
	. /etc/bashrc
fi

# If not running interactively, don't do anything more
[[ $- != *i* ]] && return

# Basic.
umask 022

################################################################################
### History ### ################################################################
################################################################################

# don't put duplicate lines or lines starting with space in the history.
# See bash(1) for more options
HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth

# append to the history file, don't overwrite it
shopt -s histappend

# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
HISTSIZE=1000
HISTFILESIZE=2000

################################################################################
### Window ### #################################################################
################################################################################

# check the window size after each command and, if necessary,
# update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.
shopt -s checkwinsize

## Show the quota at login.
#echo " "
#quota -gsl
#echo " "

################################################################################
### Prompt ### #################################################################
################################################################################

# make less more friendly for non-text input files, see lesspipe(1)
#[ -x /usr/bin/lesspipe ] && eval "\$(SHELL=/bin/sh lesspipe)"

# set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)
if [ -z "${debian_chroot:-}" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then
    debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)
fi

# set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we "want" color)
case "$TERM" in
    xterm-color|*-256color) color_prompt=yes;;
esac

# uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability; turned
# off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a terminal window
# should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt
force_color_prompt=yes

if [ -n "$force_color_prompt" ]; then
    if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then
        # We have color support; assume it's compliant with Ecma-48
        # (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and such
        # a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)
        color_prompt=yes
    else
        color_prompt=
    fi
fi

#PS1='\u@\h:\w\$ '
#PS1='[\u@\h \W]\$ '
# Green user@host & blue path:
#PS1='\[\033[00;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w \$\[\033[00m\]'

PS1='\[\033[00;32m\]\u\[\033[00m\]@\[\033[00;32m\]\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w \[\033[00m\]\$\[\033[00m\] '

################################################################################
### Bash Completion ### ########################################################
################################################################################

# enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable
# this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile
# sources /etc/bash.bashrc).
if ! shopt -oq posix; then
  if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
    . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
  elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then
    . /etc/bash_completion
  fi
fi

################################################################################
### Aliases ### ################################################################
################################################################################

# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
    test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dircolors -b)"
    alias ls='ls --color=auto'
    alias dir='dir --color=auto'
    alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'

    alias grep='grep --color=auto'
    alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
    alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
fi

# some more ls aliases
alias ll='ls -lisa'
alias la='ls -A'
alias l='ls -CF'

# Alias definitions.
# You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like
# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.
# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.

if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
    . ~/.bash_aliases
fi

################################################################################
################################################################################
################################################################################
__EOF__
chown ${THISUSER}:${THISUSER} /home/${THISUSER}/.bashrc